GermanWikipedia - /page/entry.mu

<!DOCTYPE html>

<title>Sauerstoffbilanz</title>

</head>

<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Sauerstoffbilanz</h1>

</header>

</div>

Die Sauerstoffbilanz, kurz <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle OB}">

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle OB}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/d361e055353ea627ef7fb6835634db09826482cb.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.537ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle OB}" loading="lazy"> (engl. oxygen balance) eines beliebigen <a href="Stoffgemisch" class="mw-redirect" title="Stoffgemisch">Stoffgemisches</a> gibt die relative <a href="Sauerstoff" title="Sauerstoff">Sauerstoff</a>menge an, die überschüssig ist oder fehlt (bei negativem <a href="Vorzeichen_(Zahl)" title="Vorzeichen (Zahl)">Vorzeichen</a>), um ein ausgeglichenes Verhältnis zwischen <a href="Oxidationsmittel" title="Oxidationsmittel">Oxidationsmitteln</a> und <a href="Verbrennung_(Chemie)" title="Verbrennung (Chemie)">verbrennlichen</a> Komponenten zu erreichen. Ein Stoffgemisch mit einer ausgeglichenen Sauerstoffbilanz <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle OB=0}">

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle OB=0}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/33587b2605d72ad8e422e258f2920c17d77d0095.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:7.798ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle OB=0}" loading="lazy"> kann durch Erhitzen in einem abgeschlossenen Behälter ohne äußere Sauerstoffzufuhr zu vollständig oxidierten Produkten umgesetzt, also vollständig verbrannt werden, ohne dass Oxidationsmittel übrig bleibt oder zusätzlich nötig ist.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definition">Definition</h2></div>

Sei <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle z(A,X)}">

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle z(A,X)}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/dcd16d2bb3826dfaa4120c683671dac1d96a882a.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:7.654ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle z(A,X)}" loading="lazy"> die Zahl der Atome des chemischen Elementes <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle A}">

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle A}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/7daff47fa58cdfd29dc333def748ff5fa4c923e3.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.743ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle A}" loading="lazy"> in einer chemischen Verbindung mit der Summenformel <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle X}">

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle X}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/68baa052181f707c662844a465bfeeb135e82bab.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.98ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle X}" loading="lazy"> und sei <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle M(X)}">

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle M(X)}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b1f56579142abfdec868307b665356a273f2b251.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:6.232ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle M(X)}" loading="lazy"> die <a href="Molare_Masse" title="Molare Masse">molare Masse</a> der Verbindung. Das Stoffgemisch mit der Gesamtmasse <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle m}">

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle m}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/0a07d98bb302f3856cbabc47b2b9016692e3f7bc.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.04ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle m}" loading="lazy"> bestehe aus <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle K}">

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle K}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/2b76fce82a62ed5461908f0dc8f037de4e3686b0.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.066ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle K}" loading="lazy"> verschiedenen chemischen Verbindungen (Komponenten) <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle X_{i}}">

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle X_{i}}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/af4a0955af42beb5f85aa05fb8c07abedc13990d.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.724ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle X_{i}}" loading="lazy"> mit den Massen <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle m_{i}}">

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle m_{i}}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/95ec8e804f69706d3f5ad235f4f983220c8df7c2.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.84ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle m_{i}}" loading="lazy"> und den Massenbrüchen <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle w_{i}=m_{i}/m}">

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

</mrow>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle w_{i}=m_{i}/m}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/356957da8fc4dc2a9021e576d87764e49e4c6f6e.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.605ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle w_{i}=m_{i}/m}" loading="lazy">. Die Molzahl des Elementes <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle A_{i}}">

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle A_{i}}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/1aed3b5def921afbe6cc48aaf8f9b11c6f1c1e2d.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.543ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle A_{i}}" loading="lazy"> im Stoffgemisch ergibt sich damit zu:

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</munderover>

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

<mfrac>

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

<mrow>

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

</mrow>

</mfrac>

</mrow>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n(A_{i})=\sum _{j=1}^{K}z(A_{i},X_{j})\cdot {\frac {m_{j}}{M(X_{j})}}}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f44c02b639bd033811bd0cf2309d6eb93ffb7abb.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.338ex; width:31.496ex; height:7.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n(A_{i})=\sum _{j=1}^{K}z(A_{i},X_{j})\cdot {\frac {m_{j}}{M(X_{j})}}}" loading="lazy"></dd></dl>

Sei <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(A)}">

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(A)}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/415c16056d23d1dcd7575e072b606b6ec7a1ae63.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:4.622ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(A)}" loading="lazy"> die unter Verbrennungsbedingungen stabilste Wertigkeit des chemischen Elementes <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle A}">

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle A}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/7daff47fa58cdfd29dc333def748ff5fa4c923e3.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.743ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle A}" loading="lazy">.

Die für einen vollständigen Valenzausgleich fehlende oder überschüssige Valenzzahl in Mol ergibt sich aus einer Summe über alle chemischen Elemente: <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \sum _{i}q(A_{i})\cdot n(A_{i})}">

</mrow>

</munder>

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \sum _{i}q(A_{i})\cdot n(A_{i})}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/108f90aef418b990e5c6712e4f658a2ae70511bc.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.005ex; width:16.59ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \sum _{i}q(A_{i})\cdot n(A_{i})}" loading="lazy">.

Die Sauerstoffbilanz errechnet sich aus:

<mfrac>

<mrow>

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mrow>

<mrow>

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mrow>

</mfrac>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</munder>

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle OB={\frac {M(''O'')}{m\cdot q(''O'')}}\cdot \sum _{i}q(A_{i})\cdot n(A_{i})}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/c362a2f5590fe5462bcee7c1da46bdfc34be6911.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.005ex; width:36.387ex; height:6.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle OB={\frac {M(''O'')}{m\cdot q(''O'')}}\cdot \sum _{i}q(A_{i})\cdot n(A_{i})}" loading="lazy"></dd></dl>

oder

<mfrac>

<mrow>

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mrow>

<mrow>

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mrow>

</mfrac>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</munder>

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</munderover>

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

<mfrac>

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

<mrow>

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

</mrow>

</mfrac>

</mrow>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle OB={\frac {M(''O'')}{q(''O'')}}\cdot \sum _{i}q(A_{i})\cdot \sum _{j=1}^{K}z(A_{i},X_{j})\cdot {\frac {w_{j}}{M(X_{j})}}}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/5a606dff573aef27059f0cbc954c4dfb09eef00b.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.338ex; width:50.944ex; height:7.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle OB={\frac {M(''O'')}{q(''O'')}}\cdot \sum _{i}q(A_{i})\cdot \sum _{j=1}^{K}z(A_{i},X_{j})\cdot {\frac {w_{j}}{M(X_{j})}}}" loading="lazy"></dd></dl>

Hierbei ist <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle M(''O'')=15{,}9994}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle M(''O'')=15{,}9994}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/7cfb798d7e997a0d0285ecc47a2d9f96bc68034d.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:19.019ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle M(''O'')=15{,}9994}" loading="lazy"> g/mol und <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''O'')=-2}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''O'')=-2}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/76f407f6a57cfa656e6cbe656871ab40252f8d9f.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.996ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''O'')=-2}" loading="lazy">.

Liste der stabilsten Wertigkeiten aller chemischen Elemente unter "Verbrennungsbedingungen" :

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''H'')=1}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/e208fc9115f1f2adaf702f75c3543a75da01ba52.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.518ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''H'')=1}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''He'')=0}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''He'')=0}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/e289ed0d18621f911f60fcd88657428f5d91a681.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.561ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''He'')=0}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Li'')=1}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Li'')=1}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/7444a1566be3f5069e2fc465c576bedbd179112e.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.799ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Li'')=1}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Be'')=2}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Be'')=2}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/0821882b25ab49c0fe2de41466de10e4089e84eb.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.262ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Be'')=2}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''B'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''B'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/cf6cf1a216ebd181bfbf6488086642a2a4e115fe.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.178ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''B'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''C'')=4}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''C'')=4}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/be3e4c3bb83835c29c03e41ee1066f2056b57b5e.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.212ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''C'')=4}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''N'')=0}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''N'')=0}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/36deeca177602bd500ebcce0170d2e292f92fb23.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.537ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''N'')=0}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''O'')=-2}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''O'')=-2}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/76f407f6a57cfa656e6cbe656871ab40252f8d9f.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.996ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''O'')=-2}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''F'')=-1}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''F'')=-1}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/a778dce7c4f39e45bbd60e179a683b1958e3ba9b.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:13.037ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''F'')=-1}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Ne'')=0}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Ne'')=0}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/932bba2d7cd2ca284e155c51119825091033fc38.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.561ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Ne'')=0}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Na'')=1}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Na'')=1}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/2ac932bab6a3bc3a0ec22c184bd6cf5becb32b1c.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.708ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Na'')=1}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Mg'')=2}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Mg'')=2}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/c96e6d62f87cbd7854fe0712f229bd102750caf7.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.975ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Mg'')=2}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Al'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Al'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/dfe5902597bf639d3dfdc1585b6def9f7406064d.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.851ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Al'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Si'')=4}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Si'')=4}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/85ebdab905b966f5c20df3fc08873e0859688757.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.716ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Si'')=4}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''P'')=5}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''P'')=5}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/c5576955cb9668d014262c2578f7691e42e3be73.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.236ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''P'')=5}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''S'')=4}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''S'')=4}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f3a9f641e09a1d51a79d82711adf85293c5f2496.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:10.936ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''S'')=4}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Cl'')=-1}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Cl'')=-1}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/85775495bf1dbed30b3ab1a5fe0135d54bfb6013.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:13.682ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Cl'')=-1}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Ar'')=0}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Ar'')=0}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/7243bddc771533d5ab891537ec36f21ae7d5dda5.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.206ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Ar'')=0}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''K'')=1}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''K'')=1}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/83aa4a6adb5d6f206cba40425d2fc87bc62f0d13.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.508ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''K'')=1}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Ca'')=2}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Ca'')=2}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/21a83adefb389745c2f60d8be2a00e4c3f1b433a.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.41ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Ca'')=2}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Sc'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Sc'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/ba20845f18a0fd7eb9191259d71303696bdf7558.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.92ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Sc'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Ti'')=4}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Ti'')=4}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/dd83ace9530259badd547e7c8eebfd115690ef7f.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.853ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Ti'')=4}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''V'')=5}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''V'')=5}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/5c19778ede807fef871374ddd0ca1bcd16654ff4.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.331ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''V'')=5}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Cr'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Cr'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/7b1a5ae34f28a11e9f4af833343c38fcf59273de.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.229ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Cr'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Mn'')=2}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Mn'')=2}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/fd2376d1b9749ffbfe92556f7bb95b61559ff65c.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:13.251ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Mn'')=2}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Fe'')=2}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Fe'')=2}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/3888c56fc296392e5c68b5932793b1b955f4536e.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.238ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Fe'')=2}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Co'')=2}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Co'')=2}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/013744b67a186941016b3540a7539c7b2561e5fb.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.308ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Co'')=2}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Ni'')=2}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Ni'')=2}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/e543681de23a7c43a2be776cda7b88240063ec5d.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.28ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Ni'')=2}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Cu'')=2}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Cu'')=2}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/17c1b01ae2af17b318891625ed2dc6a7ae895fd0.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.51ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Cu'')=2}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Zn'')=2}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Zn'')=2}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/18a8413ed5041f81723b8f73dd85bc500d6ed1ba.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.489ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Zn'')=2}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Ga'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Ga'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/53cb2ecbe4ac1c9ac81f9e3e74412d44a43901da.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.471ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Ga'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Ge'')=4}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Ge'')=4}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/5fa9f57390f48cfb05e7dc4a651a1165053c4b3d.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.324ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Ge'')=4}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''As'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''As'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f24a4c4857524ca505bd150e2fff77bd91345d28.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.248ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''As'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Se'')=4}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Se'')=4}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/37dc72305bb221db5481d237f2ce20a4f093aafe.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.997ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Se'')=4}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Br'')=-1}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Br'')=-1}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f667c06171975b159a98cf797a49d9747da8d881.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:14.035ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Br'')=-1}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Kr'')=0}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Kr'')=0}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f643ab387d9d183c001d4f17b3ab2fef725cee37.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.529ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Kr'')=0}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Rb'')=1}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Rb'')=1}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/7a9c6dea8008a03b7a85de634e208830eb8e2201.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.176ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Rb'')=1}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Sr'')=2}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Sr'')=2}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/07ef753f4551455c78f280e9cf365f718000aec3.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.962ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Sr'')=2}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Y'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Y'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/3011aabe471b468e7996e18d3d0f4fd7c059d9c0.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.314ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Y'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Zr'')=4}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Zr'')=4}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/a67449ec6c736dece236f8264c5c842ce84ea676.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.143ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Zr'')=4}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Nb'')=5}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Nb'')=5}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b170c2786d3335073689e69abafea2d043209d50.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.475ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Nb'')=5}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Mo'')=6}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Mo'')=6}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/a7eb8244a3889b2febc145d174b45e21444cc566.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.984ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Mo'')=6}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Tc'')=6}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Tc'')=6}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/7186153933db2e16f4737b9f26478b2cc0a9b964.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.057ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Tc'')=6}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Ru'')=0}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Ru'')=0}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/12f4e39175fdffa0c6a4901ee2183ef3ac2e57f8.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.508ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Ru'')=0}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Rh'')=0}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Rh'')=0}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/5bee6ab703a8074f77a7c22700a9365e497d998f.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.517ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Rh'')=0}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Pd'')=0}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Pd'')=0}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/bc1283e09c35045abb3e1b13f4fb9297b155fd82.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.378ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Pd'')=0}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Ag'')=0}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Ag'')=0}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/0a298e32048680eac3bc3ca7ee298e5166fde668.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.275ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Ag'')=0}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Cd'')=2}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Cd'')=2}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/d900e5eb236c077501fec9d112490bf6d8188386.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.399ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Cd'')=2}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''In'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''In'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/96ff5a1a0ba9269701b209e3cc52687edceb50d1.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.981ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''In'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Sn'')=4}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Sn'')=4}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f618393676dce80624272e7e5f59f63c4b71a00e.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.308ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Sn'')=4}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Sb'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Sb'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b0490b1d8613feba71eba72208a5a17dd9d431cc.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.911ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Sb'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Te'')=4}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Te'')=4}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/648698afcaf7195252c48d31c53cd7efd6468418.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.134ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Te'')=4}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''I'')=0}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''I'')=0}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/d484f7cde5be358670c1980221aec6520ce950ad.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:10.631ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''I'')=0}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Xe'')=0}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Xe'')=0}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/3021ca7b66ee78f8b55f53299c0c9918ea7af794.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.478ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Xe'')=0}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Cs'')=1}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Cs'')=1}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/c6846b504359738b25fc5d61c14f3a07a4ed02ff.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.271ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Cs'')=1}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Ba'')=2}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Ba'')=2}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/d215141aff5d6ae3539609258f5fb7d7c6ed2b35.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.408ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Ba'')=2}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''La'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''La'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/e65a53de8e8a8966835661ef03c8d5fa7f1d0f02.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.227ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''La'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Ce'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Ce'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/7b97e020b0dc38c91122f7510d0d40cfb31d1868.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.264ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Ce'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Pr'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Pr'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/8d753c44d8748b61e97c8881781ccf520b11d194.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.208ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Pr'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Nd'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Nd'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/31566cfc15e4987f4271d6dcb3c10669610f60bf.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.696ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Nd'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Pm'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Pm'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/52bda11576be72ea07d8e4f207b541aae14ef77c.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:13.2ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Pm'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Sm'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Sm'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/d18535fcf7fe4c80961432fe17c1fe86dd55bc8c.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.954ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Sm'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Eu'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Eu'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/18b50ccac668311763fab725a8a4a5ca5fe13eaa.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.519ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Eu'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Gd'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Gd'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/14c78b10b24ee03259821958565a7aa6a4e0cce0.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.459ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Gd'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Tb'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Tb'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/e59f896b4262456ae7859dc74c3dc2c49ffb86b1.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.048ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Tb'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Dy'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Dy'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/241ae639d70dc1f4502439d44dabb4c75438f5b1.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.499ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Dy'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Ho'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Ho'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/0528942e04270f6bea2641a80d7e326857453b86.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.605ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Ho'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Er'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Er'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/c35768565acdc31a6a17f14bfb15fcff7cefda74.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.238ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Er'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Tm'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Tm'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/d91b10d3c3d9c53969bf2711244704f72e73a33a.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:13.091ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Tm'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Yb'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Yb'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/5b387de82542a0661e16710fa68e62b72848faf5.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.185ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Yb'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Lu'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Lu'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/e33d5c9156ce81aceb109e6629ddb3c42ed38e89.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.327ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Lu'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Hf'')=4}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Hf'')=4}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/28c5293e49a1ceef2914241063c4a9fd9ef06f25.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.798ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Hf'')=4}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Ta'')=5}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Ta'')=5}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/4f62c184c710d9b7003d0be4b4a0aa1934bc0345.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.28ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Ta'')=5}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''W'')=6}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''W'')=6}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/176fa4a1e54fbd0a39de82fe45ddc8ceabdd1867.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.922ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''W'')=6}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Re'')=7}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Re'')=7}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/54ec50cf2bcd4709d508d76247e4db10b07ff0af.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.262ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Re'')=7}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Os'')=0}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Os'')=0}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/e17f6ea012a29bca653737801a9ba204140fef6d.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.278ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Os'')=0}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Ir'')=0}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Ir'')=0}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/137f455bf54e9efd5fa3108166a5050b1caf2c37.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.635ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Ir'')=0}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Pt'')=0}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Pt'')=0}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/77d5987b943e87eb8532fa6c24944bf70162e498.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.999ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Pt'')=0}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Au'')=0}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Au'')=0}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/93ae53a412790a0dca8aab9373ad0155cfd6ba6e.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.487ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Au'')=0}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Hg'')=0}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Hg'')=0}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/3da3a5f7c27704155c26b78d5c1354964f586983.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.596ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Hg'')=0}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Tl'')=1}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Tl'')=1}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/fcc071052d75fd6fb6d9d2f6e75499c1cb44f3f2.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.744ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Tl'')=1}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Pb'')=2}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Pb'')=2}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/963b7167a86c9d84567914235918a3a811ea299d.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.157ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Pb'')=2}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Bi'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Bi'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/3d7af05695b48758f73e10e88eed0e030ad45aba.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.981ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Bi'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Po'')=4}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Po'')=4}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/3dba4e5c001e54b007237495f90150f8d80a7ce8.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.287ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Po'')=4}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''At'')=0}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''At'')=0}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/1a7ed89b58583a95e6a5d0e13aad46dd94451556.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.997ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''At'')=0}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Rn'')=0}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Rn'')=0}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/c845cd500348aa455a3fe48a94dfe5e1793e5100.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.573ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Rn'')=0}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Fr'')=1}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Fr'')=1}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/bb5fc27cacf25b606c508354bd71be6bc48b5ee0.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.204ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Fr'')=1}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Ra'')=2}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Ra'')=2}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/35f207bc69433590e232f765222dc9a930716853.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.408ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Ra'')=2}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Ac'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Ac'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/c0b299ae9a8dc72e8910574594ff56a9f0390906.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.164ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Ac'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Th'')=4}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Th'')=4}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/7d3adcff5eadbeaf2a46ee9d57427163ff4b350c.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.389ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Th'')=4}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Pa'')=5}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Pa'')=5}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b6052003519f117772b8c228977b3366e25e312f.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.389ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Pa'')=5}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''U'')=6}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''U'')=6}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b4fced45cf3f0ee298b00db7c8e074937b0d1c5e.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:11.255ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''U'')=6}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Np'')=5}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Np'')=5}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/aeb456a71e17a30f4356c6c0b3c0b4157a18051e.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.647ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Np'')=5}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Pu'')=4}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Pu'')=4}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/3965027c21600941a7141771008529afba438366.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.489ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Pu'')=4}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Am'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Am'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/93219b5be176c19b0e18d62d5fe87fd4cd4c8679.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:13.198ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Am'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Cm'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Cm'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/39d2349d9300979159188b28d2d4d11bba701733.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:13.221ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Cm'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Es'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Es'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/7c4a21e2a0ee118099cd6b8a014cd9a252487477.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.28ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Es'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Fm'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Fm'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/96287454ef0b43b95bb761763bf5ab01a8c55df6.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:13.195ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Fm'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Md'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Md'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/1c99ee7cd256efa69d4573b119923901f3df35e5.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:13.074ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Md'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''No'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''No'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/62a498354c37fcddc91b15f0d369f88947b66d63.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.605ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''No'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Lr'')=3}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Lr'')=3}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/3738c0c9d0b65f1008fe40a05c1c320ac9bc8293.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.046ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Lr'')=3}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Rf'')=4}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Rf'')=4}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/9b3cb644c9de5f4172d31f788698794408eb20d5.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.499ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Rf'')=4}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Db'')=5}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Db'')=5}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/230d728dbe198d2300ab1ecfcbb954d935335804.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.336ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Db'')=5}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Sg'')=6}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Sg'')=6}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/67de2fe26308331cda4fed25682a950d8b61bfa4.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.032ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Sg'')=6}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Bh'')=7}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Bh'')=7}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/9d977cade99c927a36c8f852fa3a22e92c55fd8c.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.517ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Bh'')=7}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Hs'')=0}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Hs'')=0}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/0d1b0605c30e238290d8f9ef263556d30747416c.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.568ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Hs'')=0}" loading="lazy">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q(''Mt'')=0}">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q(''Mt'')=0}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/322c8394bc944ff1c654f728e9e952d5d4324646.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.696ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q(''Mt'')=0}" loading="lazy">

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Berechnung_aus_den_Sauerstoffbilanzen_der_Bestandteile">Berechnung aus den Sauerstoffbilanzen der Bestandteile</h3></div>

Die Sauerstoffbilanz <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle OB}">

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle OB}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/d361e055353ea627ef7fb6835634db09826482cb.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.537ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle OB}" loading="lazy"> eines Stoffgemischs ergibt sich aus den Sauerstoffbilanzen <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle OB[i]}">

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle OB[i]}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/7ff14d6ee7ed38588181c5cbb234a16668164e33.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:5.633ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle OB[i]}" loading="lazy"> der einzelnen Bestandteile (Reinstoffe) und deren Massenanteilen <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle w_{i}}">

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle w_{i}}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/fe22f0329d3ecb2e1880d44d191aba0e5475db68.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.464ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle w_{i}}" loading="lazy"> nach:

</mrow>

</mrow>

</munderover>

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle OB=\sum _{i=1}^{K}w_{i}\cdot OB[i]}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/72a8a1816b9f0bb9f3bb8279625451a3f1ad22ae.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.005ex; width:20.154ex; height:7.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle OB=\sum _{i=1}^{K}w_{i}\cdot OB[i]}" loading="lazy"></dd></dl>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beispiele">Beispiele</h2></div>

Faulgas-Luft-Gemisch

<a href="Faulgas" title="Faulgas">Faulgas</a> ist ein brennbares Gemisch aus ungefähr 40 Gew.-% CH4 (Methan) und 60 Gew.-% CO2 (Kohlendioxid), das bei der bakteriellen Zersetzung von organischen Stoffen (z. B. im menschlichen Darm) gebildet wird. <a href="Luft" title="Luft">Luft</a> ist ein Gemisch aus 75,5 Gew.-% N2 (Stickstoff), 23,1 Gew.-% O2 (Sauerstoff), 1,3 Gew.-% Ar (Argon) und 0,1 Gew.-% CO2 (Kohlendioxid) neben vernachlässigbaren Spurengehalten an weiteren <a href="Edelgase" title="Edelgase">Edelgasen</a>, <a href="Kohlenwasserstoff" class="mw-redirect" title="Kohlenwasserstoff">Kohlenwasserstoffen</a>, <a href="Wasserstoff" title="Wasserstoff">Wasserstoff</a>, <a href="Stickoxid" class="mw-redirect" title="Stickoxid">Stickoxiden</a>, <a href="Kohlenmonoxid" class="mw-redirect" title="Kohlenmonoxid">Kohlenmonoxid</a>, <a href="Ozon" title="Ozon">Ozon</a> und <a href="Staub" title="Staub">Staub</a>.

Welche Sauerstoffbilanz hat ein Gemisch aus 1 kg Faulgas und <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x}">

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/87f9e315fd7e2ba406057a97300593c4802b53e4.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.33ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x}" loading="lazy"> kg Luft, wenn <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x}">

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/87f9e315fd7e2ba406057a97300593c4802b53e4.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.33ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x}" loading="lazy"> als Variable betrachtet wird?

Es gilt:

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

<msup>

</msup>

</mrow>

</msubsup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle X_{1}=''CH_{4}''}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/5c1f3eb1f063bb14ba25aa49905a76b40c593eab.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:12.221ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle X_{1}=''CH_{4}''}" loading="lazy"> ; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle X_{2}=''CO_{2}''}">

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

<msup>

</msup>

</mrow>

</msubsup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle X_{2}=''CO_{2}''}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f358a1c20d11abe50509c2fc810efe3cf4a4fc8a.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:11.891ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle X_{2}=''CO_{2}''}" loading="lazy"> ; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle X_{3}=''N_{2}''}">

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

<msup>

</msup>

</mrow>

</msubsup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle X_{3}=''N_{2}''}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/c880e39e6da78fbe33403f73f8cfd125f3095bfc.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:10.474ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle X_{3}=''N_{2}''}" loading="lazy"> ; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle X_{4}=''O_{2}''}">

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

<msup>

</msup>

</mrow>

</msubsup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle X_{4}=''O_{2}''}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/43d34be19feee8be1dd7c18f2e909c71ede8c7c4.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:10.125ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle X_{4}=''O_{2}''}" loading="lazy"> ; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle X_{5}=''Ar''}">

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle X_{5}=''Ar''}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/4d1cfb4b8e180769866c4e2422c3177977b326fe.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:11.143ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle X_{5}=''Ar''}" loading="lazy"></dd></dl>

<msup>

</msup>

</mrow>

</msubsup>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle M(''CH_{4}'')=16{,}04\,\mathrm {g} /\mathrm {mol} }</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/8190c8727d9dea57ff1a9c3747559593b90a0891.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:25.248ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle M(''CH_{4}'')=16{,}04\,\mathrm {g} /\mathrm {mol} }" loading="lazy">; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle M(''CO_{2}'')=44{,}01\,\mathrm {g} /\mathrm {mol} }">

<msup>

</msup>

</mrow>

</msubsup>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle M(''CO_{2}'')=44{,}01\,\mathrm {g} /\mathrm {mol} }</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/63198b68ff0d8a7c73dcf075cc78d7957dbd93d3.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:24.918ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle M(''CO_{2}'')=44{,}01\,\mathrm {g} /\mathrm {mol} }" loading="lazy">; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle M(''N_{2}'')=28{,}01\,\mathrm {g} /\mathrm {mol} }">

<msup>

</msup>

</mrow>

</msubsup>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle M(''N_{2}'')=28{,}01\,\mathrm {g} /\mathrm {mol} }</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/ffa61b5d00d65ab3842f5b656f06ee9e2c273308.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:23.501ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle M(''N_{2}'')=28{,}01\,\mathrm {g} /\mathrm {mol} }" loading="lazy">; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle M(''O_{2}'')=32{,}00\,\mathrm {g} /\mathrm {mol} }">

<msup>

</msup>

</mrow>

</msubsup>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle M(''O_{2}'')=32{,}00\,\mathrm {g} /\mathrm {mol} }</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/81f4fdc699a474c1756a6ea589a2b6a4421b57eb.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:23.151ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle M(''O_{2}'')=32{,}00\,\mathrm {g} /\mathrm {mol} }" loading="lazy">; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle M(''Ar'')=39{,}95\,\mathrm {g} /\mathrm {mol} }">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle M(''Ar'')=39{,}95\,\mathrm {g} /\mathrm {mol} }</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/24bcd277b535d5d936c22c8e113d0e7b4c512eda.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:24.17ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle M(''Ar'')=39{,}95\,\mathrm {g} /\mathrm {mol} }" loading="lazy"></dd></dl>

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle m_{1}=0{,}4\,\mathrm {kg} }</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/8f0c4544e14fa65b9dcd2db33fe28ac14f3723aa.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:11.942ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle m_{1}=0{,}4\,\mathrm {kg} }" loading="lazy">; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle m_{2}=(0{,}6+0{,}0001)x\,\mathrm {kg} }">

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle m_{2}=(0{,}6+0{,}0001)x\,\mathrm {kg} }</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/300fe460ce2e9bb8ae42b259b62d7d3a046c9604.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:24.38ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle m_{2}=(0{,}6+0{,}0001)x\,\mathrm {kg} }" loading="lazy">; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle m_{3}=0{,}755x\,\mathrm {kg} }">

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

</mrow>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle m_{3}=0{,}755x\,\mathrm {kg} }</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b54306c121fedb432d08944745708617ac3c4178.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:15.596ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle m_{3}=0{,}755x\,\mathrm {kg} }" loading="lazy">; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle m_{4}=0{,}231x\,\mathrm {kg} }">

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

</mrow>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle m_{4}=0{,}231x\,\mathrm {kg} }</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/74fcda9cc80eb68b327c201d2fdfca766a40bb1a.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:15.596ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle m_{4}=0{,}231x\,\mathrm {kg} }" loading="lazy">; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle m_{5}=0{,}013x\,\mathrm {kg} }">

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

</mrow>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle m_{5}=0{,}013x\,\mathrm {kg} }</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/210b7ec2f4b4de49573cb0078a3173be1747f8c2.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:15.596ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle m_{5}=0{,}013x\,\mathrm {kg} }" loading="lazy">; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle m=(1+x)\,\mathrm {kg} }">

</mrow>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle m=(1+x)\,\mathrm {kg} }</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/73fb443e5f59d18e2a4c4037c69b27848be3d4a7.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:15.058ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle m=(1+x)\,\mathrm {kg} }" loading="lazy"></dd></dl>

Für die Molzahlen der enthaltenen Elemente ergibt sich:

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mrow>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n(''H'')=99{,}735\,\mathrm {mol} }</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/6e6c5534670e3db5ca2969d7091e963abe3aae65.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:21.272ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n(''H'')=99{,}735\,\mathrm {mol} }" loading="lazy">; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n(''C'')=(38{,}567+0{,}0227x)\,\mathrm {mol} }">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mrow>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n(''C'')=(38{,}567+0{,}0227x)\,\mathrm {mol} }</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/2c14f0ea8df3bc52fa2a120bc1a6140d8e4dbe49.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:33.405ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n(''C'')=(38{,}567+0{,}0227x)\,\mathrm {mol} }" loading="lazy">; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n(''N'')=53{,}903x\,\mathrm {mol} }">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mrow>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n(''N'')=53{,}903x\,\mathrm {mol} }</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/193ec6f4cc967b95632a4022d23f4888bcdf4617.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:22.621ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n(''N'')=53{,}903x\,\mathrm {mol} }" loading="lazy">; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n(''O'')=(27{,}267+14{,}484x)\,\mathrm {mol} }">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mrow>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n(''O'')=(27{,}267+14{,}484x)\,\mathrm {mol} }</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/a3fb5670f335a507699b2b3dde50e3827d0433e1.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:33.38ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n(''O'')=(27{,}267+14{,}484x)\,\mathrm {mol} }" loading="lazy">; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n(''Ar'')=0{,}325x\,\mathrm {mol} }">

<msup>

</msup>

<msup>

</msup>

</mrow>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n(''Ar'')=0{,}325x\,\mathrm {mol} }</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/6a2ed5e87392cd50478bcb5803859b84aedf2a48.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:22.127ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n(''Ar'')=0{,}325x\,\mathrm {mol} }" loading="lazy"></dd></dl>

Für die Sauerstoffbilanz in Abhängigkeit von <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x}">

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/87f9e315fd7e2ba406057a97300593c4802b53e4.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.33ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x}" loading="lazy"> ergibt sich:

<mfrac>

<mrow>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</mrow>

<mrow>

</mrow>

</mfrac>

</mrow>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle OB={\frac {23{,}1\cdot x-159{,}57}{x+1}}\%}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/9505fb4db2446df047ef6ac8feef85541263d9f7.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:25.85ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle OB={\frac {23{,}1\cdot x-159{,}57}{x+1}}\%}" loading="lazy"></dd></dl>

Für <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x=6{,}91}">

</mrow>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x=6{,}91}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/62370235715d7e907a55596ed4aeb4ba86e5ea44.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:8.562ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x=6{,}91}" loading="lazy"> ist <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle OB=0}">

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle OB=0}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/33587b2605d72ad8e422e258f2920c17d77d0095.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:7.798ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle OB=0}" loading="lazy">. Mit den <a href="Normdichte" title="Normdichte">Normdichten</a> (15 °C) <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \rho _{N}({\text{Luft}})=1{,}225\,\mathrm {kg} /\mathrm {m} ^{3}}">

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</mrow>

<msup>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \rho _{N}({\text{Luft}})=1{,}225\,\mathrm {kg} /\mathrm {m} ^{3}}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/2b78a8155b0978d89b3b1ea87ddd43be2626dd6a.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:24.389ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \rho _{N}({\text{Luft}})=1{,}225\,\mathrm {kg} /\mathrm {m} ^{3}}" loading="lazy"> und <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \rho _{N}({\text{Faulgas}})=1{,}097\,\mathrm {kg} /\mathrm {m} ^{3}}">

<msub>

</mrow>

</msub>

<mtext>Faulgas</mtext>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</mrow>

<msup>

</mrow>

</mrow>

</msup>

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \rho _{N}({\text{Faulgas}})=1{,}097\,\mathrm {kg} /\mathrm {m} ^{3}}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/69ecc4934797eb3ec0e331fc2e48c58030b5c076.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:27.888ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \rho _{N}({\text{Faulgas}})=1{,}097\,\mathrm {kg} /\mathrm {m} ^{3}}" loading="lazy"> folgt daraus:

<dl><dd>Zur vollständigen Verbrennung von 1 m3 Faulgas werden 6,2 m³ Luft benötigt.</dd></dl>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verbrennungsluftverhältnis_bei_Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemischen">Verbrennungsluftverhältnis bei Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemischen</h2></div>

In Heizungsanlagen und Verbrennungsmotoren werden Brenn- oder Kraftstoffe mit Luftsauerstoff verbrannt und die dabei freiwerdende Energie zur Erwärmung oder zur Verrichtung von mechanischer Arbeit genutzt. Entscheidend für eine möglichst gute Ausnutzung der im Brennstoff gespeicherten chemischen Energie ist ein geeignetes Mengenverhältnis von Verbrennungsluft und Brennstoff. Die Luftmenge, die pro Masseneinheit Brennstoff für eine vollständige Verbrennung mindestens erforderlich ist, wird als Mindestluftbedarf bezeichnet. Das Verhältnis der wirklich zugeführten zur theoretisch bei vollständiger Verbrennung erforderlichen Mindestluftmenge wird Luftverhältnis genannt und meist mit <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \lambda }">

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \lambda }</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b43d0ea3c9c025af1be9128e62a18fa74bedda2a.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.355ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \lambda }" loading="lazy"> bezeichnet. Bei einer idealen Verbrennung mit stöchiometrischem Luftverhältnis ist also <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \lambda =1}">

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \lambda =1}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/543b4490416437b7c80ea473bbcac0e4ab7a7f11.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:5.616ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \lambda =1}" loading="lazy">. Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemische mit <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \lambda <1}">

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \lambda <1}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b88fbafcfc8ee3c878919582474a71c85b88b9f3.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:5.616ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \lambda <1}" loading="lazy"> enthalten einen Kraftstoffüberschuss und werden als fettes Gemisch bezeichnet, während solche mit <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \lambda >1}">

</mstyle>

</mrow>

<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \lambda >1}</annotation>

</semantics>

</math><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/db907bc2da64805ec8698ef70da1531773faccc0.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:5.616ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \lambda >1}" loading="lazy"> einen Luftüberschuss enthalten und mageres Gemisch genannt werden.

Siehe auch:

<ul><li><a href="Lambdasonde" title="Lambdasonde">Lambdasonde</a></li>

<li><a href="Heizwert" title="Heizwert">Heizwert</a></li>

<li><a href="Luft%C3%BCberschusszahl" class="mw-redirect" title="Luftüberschusszahl">Luftüberschusszahl</a></li>

<li><a href="Verbrennung_(Chemie)" title="Verbrennung (Chemie)">Verbrennung</a></li></ul></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

Dieser Artikel wurde von <a class="external text" title="Zuletzt bearbeitet am 2025-10-16" href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Sauerstoffbilanz&oldid=260653776">Wikipedia</a> herausgegeben. Der Text ist unter <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.de">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> verfügbar, sofern nicht anders angegeben. Für die Mediendateien können zusätzliche Bedingungen gelten.

</div>

</div></div>

</div>

</main>

</div>

</body></html>